1. Moses (Musa) – Direct References
table
| Theme | Surahs & Verses |
|---|---|
| Birth and Early Life | 20:38-40, 28:3-13 |
| Adoption by Pharaoh’s Family | 28:8-13 |
| Killing of the Egyptian | 28:14-21 |
| Flight to Madyan | 28:21-28 |
| Marriage in Madyan | 28:22-28 |
| Prophethood & Calling | 20:9-48, 27:7-14, 28:29-35, 79:15-19, 19:51-53 |
| Signs to Pharaoh | 7:103-108, 10:75-82, 17:101, 20:56-73, 26:10-68, 27:12, 28:36-42, 43:46-56 |
| Confrontation with Pharaoh | 7:104-130, 10:76-92, 20:56-76, 26:16-67, 28:32-42 |
| The Exodus & Sea Dividing | 2:50-51, 7:136-141, 10:90-92, 20:77-79, 26:60-68, 44:23-29 |
| Receiving the Torah | 2:53, 2:87, 2:92, 2:108, 7:142-155, 7:145-150, 17:2, 19:51, 23:49, 28:43, 32:23, 53:36 |
| The Golden Calf Incident | 2:51-54, 4:153, 7:148-152, 20:85-98 |
| Complaints by Israelites | 2:57-61, 5:20-26, 7:160-162, 20:80-82 |
| Water from the Rock | 2:60, 7:160 |
| Story with Khidr | 18:60-82 |
| Qarun (Korah) | 28:76-82, 29:39 |
| Moses and Aaron | 7:142, 7:150-151, 20:29-36, 20:90-94 |
| Miscellaneous | 33:69, 61:5 |
2. Times of Moses – Historical & Social Context
table
| Context Theme | Surahs & Verses |
|---|---|
| Oppression by Pharaoh | 2:49, 7:127-137, 10:83, 28:3-6, 28:38-39, 40:23-46 |
| Pharaoh’s pride & tyranny | 10:75-88, 17:101-104, 28:38, 29:39, 40:24-46, 43:46-54 |
| Haman and Qarun | 28:6, 28:8, 28:38-39, 29:39, 40:23-25 |
| Magicians at Pharaoh’s court | 7:109-126, 10:79-82, 20:59-73, 26:34-51 |
| Israelites’ bondage | 2:49, 7:130, 28:3-4, 44:17-21 |
| Believer in Pharaoh’s family | 40:28-45 |
3. Events Surrounding Moses
table
| Events in Detail | Surahs & Verses |
|---|---|
| The Plagues & Signs upon Egypt | 7:130-135 (famine, flood, locusts, lice, frogs, blood), 17:101, 27:12, 26:32-33 |
| Passover & Exodus | 2:50, 7:136, 10:90-92, 20:77-79, 26:52-68, 44:23-29 |
| Pharaoh’s Drowning | 2:50, 10:88-92, 26:66, 28:40, 43:55-56 |
| Mount Sinai & Covenant | 2:53-63, 2:93, 4:153-154, 7:142-171, 20:80-98 |
| The Golden Calf | 2:51-54, 4:153, 7:148-152, 20:85-98, 7:150-151 |
| Water, Manna, Quails, Shade | 2:57-61, 7:160, 20:80-81 |
| Refusal to Enter Holy Land | 5:20-26, 7:161-171 |
| The Sabbath-breakers | 7:163-166 |
| Moses & Samiri | 20:85-97 |
4. Narrative of People Contemporary with Moses
table
| People & Groups | Surahs & Verses |
|---|---|
| Children of Israel (Bani Israil) | 2:40-61, 2:92-101, 5:20-26, 7:138-171, 10:83-93, 17:2-8, 44:30-32 |
| Magicians of Pharaoh | 7:109-126, 10:79-82, 20:59-73, 26:34-51 |
| Qarun (Korah) | 28:76-82, 29:39 |
| Samiri | 20:85-97 |
| Believer in Pharaoh’s House | 40:28-45 |
| The Sabbath-breakers | 7:163-166 |
| Israelites’ Leaders after Moses | 2:246-251 |
| The people of Madyan | 28:22-28 (via Moses’ marriage, also see stories of Shuʿayb elsewhere) |
1. Verses Explicitly About Moses (Musa)
Moses is one of the most frequently mentioned Prophets in the Quran, with his story appearing throughout in various contexts. Major chapters (Surahs) and their relevant verses include:
table
| Surah | Ayah Range/References | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Al-Baqarah (2) | 49-61, 67-71, 87, 92, 108, 136, 246 | Exodus from Egypt, miracles, cow, Bani Israel |
| Al-A'raf (7) | 103–162 | Detailed story: Pharaoh, miracles, the sea, etc |
| Yunus (10) | 75–90 | Confrontation with Pharaoh, exodus |
| Hud (11) | 96–99 | Moses vs Pharaoh, punishment |
| Ibrahim (14) | 5–8 | Delivering the message to Bani Israel |
| Al-Isra (17) | 2–8, 101–104 | Children of Israel, journey, 9 signs |
| Al-Kahf (18) | 60–82 | Moses & Khidr (mysterious companion) |
| Maryam (19) | 51–53 | Moses is chosen and spoken to by God |
| Taha (20) | 9–98 | The most detailed continuous account |
| Al-Mu’minun (23) | 45–49 | Sending Moses and Aaron, rejection by Pharaoh |
| Ash-Shu‘ara’ (26) | 10–68 | Moses called, contest with magicians, sea |
| An-Naml (27) | 7–14 | Moses at the burning bush, signs, Pharaoh |
| Al-Qasas (28) | 3–46 | Birth, adoption, exile, prophethood, exodus |
| As-Saffat (37) | 114–122 | Moses and Aaron rescued |
| Az-Zukhruf (43) | 46–56 | Signs, rejection by Pharaoh, destruction |
| Adh-Dhariyat (51) | 38–40 | Pharaoh’s guilt and end |
| Al-Qamar (54) | 41–42 | Pharaoh’s host destroyed |
| As-Saff (61) | 5 | Moses’ complaint about Bani Israel |
2. Verses About the Times of Moses (Historical/Social Context)
table
| Theme | Verses / Surahs | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Oppression of Israelites | Al-Baqarah 49–50, Al-Qasas 4 | Pharaoh enslaved and oppressed Israelites |
| Plagues/Calamities | Al-A'raf 130–136, Al-Isra 101 | Calamities on Egypt: frogs, lice, blood |
| Religious Life, Laws | Al-Baqarah 53, 63 | Torah revealed to Moses; Sabbath |
| Wandering in the Wilderness | Al-Baqarah 57, 58, 60, 61 | Manna, quails, twelve springs |
| Golden Calf Incident | Al-Baqarah 51, 54, Taha 83–98 | Idol worship during Moses’ absence |
| Sinai Covenant | Al-Baqarah 63, 93; Al-A’raf 171 | Covenant taken atop Mount Sinai |
3. Verses About Events Surrounding Moses
table
| Event | Verses / Surahs | Details |
|---|---|---|
| Moses’ Birth & Adoption | Al-Qasas 3–13, Taha 38–40 | Mother’s vision, basket, Pharaoh’s wife adopts |
| Moses Kills an Egyptian | Al-Qasas 14–21 | Escapes to Madyan |
| Moses in Madyan | Al-Qasas 22–28 | Marriage to Shu‘ayb’s daughter, work as a shepherd |
| The Burning Bush | Taha 9–24; An-Naml 7–12 | God's first communication to Moses |
| Contest with Magicians | Al-A'rāf 113–126; Taha 56–73; Ash-Shu‘ara’ 36–51 | Magicians’ conversion |
| Parting of the Sea | Al-Baqarah 50; Ash-Shu‘ara’ 63–68; Taha 77–78 | Israelites’ escape, Pharaoh’s drowning |
| Destruction of Pharaoh's People | Yunus 88–92, Al-Qasas 39–42 | Pharaoh’s pursuit and destruction |
| Revelation of Torah | Al-Baqarah 53, 87, 136; A‘raf 145 | Moses receives the divine scripture |
| Golden Calf Worship | Taha 83–97; Al-Baqarah 51–54 | Israelites worship golden calf, Moses' anger |
| Incident of the Cow | Al-Baqarah 67–71 | The story behind the "cow" and its meaning |
| Twelve Springs | Al-Baqarah 57, 60; Al-A‘raf 160 | Provision of water in desert |
4. Narrative of Peoples Contemporary to Moses
table
| People/Tribe | Surahs & Verses | Relationship to Moses |
|---|---|---|
| Pharaoh & Egyptians | All major Moses narratives | Main antagonists/oppressors |
| Children of Israel (Bani Israel) | Repeated in narratives (2:40–61; 7:103–137; 20:80–98, etc.) | Prophet Moses' followers, often rebuked for obstinacy |
| Magicians of Pharaoh | A‘raf 113–126; Taha 56–73; Shu‘ara’ 36–51 | Faced Moses in contest, converted |
| People of Madyan (Midian) | Al-Qasas 22–28 | Where Moses flees, meets and marries into, led by Prophet Shu‘ayb |
| Samaritan (As-Samiri) | Taha 85–97 | Instigates idol worship among Israelites |
| Amalekites/Canaanites (disbelieving tribes in promised land) | Al-Ma’idah 20–26; Al-Baqarah 246, etc. | Israelites commanded to enter their land, refuse out of fear |
| Other Prophets Mentioned with Moses: Harun/Aaron (Moses’ brother) | Numerous: 7:120–122, 10:75, 20:29–36, 26:48, etc. | Helped Moses, messenger to Pharaoh |
1. Moses (Musa) - Direct References
Early Life
- 2:49-61 - Moses' early mission, confrontation with Pharaoh, and the exodus
- 7:103-162 - Detailed narrative of Moses' mission in Egypt and the wilderness
- 20:9-98 - Comprehensive account from Moses' calling at the burning bush
- 26:10-67 - Moses' confrontation with Pharaoh and the exodus
- 28:3-46 - Moses' birth, upbringing in Pharaoh's house, escape to Madyan
- 28:7-13 - Moses' mother putting him in the river, his sister following him
- 20:37-40 - Allah's care for Moses as an infant
- 28:15-21 - Moses killing an Egyptian and fleeing to Madyan
- 28:22-28 - Moses in Madyan, marriage to one of Shuaib's daughters
Calling and Mission
- 27:7-14 - Moses at the burning bush receiving his mission
- 20:9-24 - Detailed dialogue at the burning bush
- 79:15-26 - Brief mention of Moses being sent to Pharaoh
- 28:29-35 - The burning bush encounter and Moses' concerns
- 19:51-53 - Moses as a chosen messenger called from Mount Tur
Confrontation with Pharaoh
- 10:75-93 - Moses and Aaron confronting Pharaoh
- 17:101-104 - Brief mention of Moses' nine signs
- 43:46-56 - Moses sent with signs to Pharaoh
- 40:23-50 - Believer from Pharaoh's family defends Moses
- 26:16-33 - Dialogue between Moses and Pharaoh
- 79:15-26 - Brief account of Moses' message to Pharaoh
The Exodus and Sea Crossing
- 26:52-68 - The Exodus and crossing of the sea
- 44:17-33 - Moses rescuing the Children of Israel
- 2:50-51 - Crossing the sea and the subsequent covenant
- 7:138-141 - After crossing, the Israelites ask for idols
Mount Sinai and Torah
- 7:142-147 - Moses receives the Torah at Mount Sinai
- 7:148-156 - The calf worship incident during Moses' absence
- 2:51-55 - The calf worship and its aftermath
- 2:92-93 - Covenant at Mount Sinai
- 4:153-154 - Israelites' demand to see Allah and the raising of Mount Sinai
- 7:171 - Mount raised above the Israelites
The Golden Calf
- 20:83-98 - Detailed account of the calf incident and Samiri
- 7:148-153 - Moses' anger at Aaron regarding the calf worship
Wilderness Period
- 2:57-61 - Provisions in the wilderness (manna and quails)
- 7:160-162 - Water from the rock and entering the sacred land
- 5:20-26 - Moses instructing his people to enter the Holy Land
Moses and Khidr
- 18:60-82 - Moses' journey with Khidr (the learned man)
Other Episodes
- 33:69 - Exoneration of Moses from accusations
- 61:5 - Moses addressing his people's stubbornness
- 28:76-82 - Story of Qarun (Korah) during Moses' time
2. Times of Moses - Historical Context
- 40:23-24 - Allah sent Moses to Pharaoh, Haman, and Qarun
- 28:3-6 - Description of Pharaoh's tyrannical rule
- 7:127-129 - Pharaoh's oppression of the Israelites
- 2:49 - Pharaoh slaughtering sons and sparing daughters
- 28:38-39 - Pharaoh asking Haman to build a tower
- 29:39-40 - Brief mention of Pharaoh, Qarun, and Haman's arrogance
- 10:83 - Fear among Israelites during Pharaoh's rule
- 44:30-31 - Israel delivered from despotic Pharaoh
3. Events Surrounding Moses
Plagues and Signs
- 7:130-135 - The plagues sent upon Egyptians (famine, flood, locusts, lice, frogs, blood)
- 27:12 - Nine signs given to Moses for Pharaoh
- 17:101 - Reference to nine clear signs
- 7:106-108 - The staff turning into a serpent
- 7:108 - Moses' hand becoming white without disease
- 26:32-33 - The staff and white hand as signs
- 20:17-23 - The staff miracle explained at the burning bush
The Drowning of Pharaoh
- 10:90-92 - Pharaoh's attempted repentance at drowning
- 26:63-66 - The parting and closing of the sea
- 20:77-79 - Pharaoh pursuing the Israelites through the sea
- 2:50 - The drowning of Pharaoh's people
Divine Provisions
- 7:160 - Twelve springs from the rock for twelve tribes
- 2:57 - Cloud shade, manna and quails as provisions
- 20:80-81 - Allah's favors: deliverance, covenant, provisions
4. Narrative of People Contemporary to Moses
Pharaoh and His Court
- 28:38 - Pharaoh claims to be the only god
- 43:51-54 - Pharaoh boasting about his kingdom
- 10:79 - Pharaoh calls Moses a magician
- 7:109-126 - The magicians who competed with Moses
- 20:70-73 - Magicians believe in Moses' God
- 26:34-51 - Contest with the magicians and their conversion
- 28:38 - Pharaoh commands Haman to build a tower
The Believer in Pharaoh's Household
- 40:28-45 - A believing man from Pharaoh's family defends Moses
The Israelites
- 2:246-251 - Israelites asking for a king after Moses' time
- 5:20-26 - Israelites refuse to enter the Holy Land
- 7:138-140 - Israelites ask for idols after crossing the sea
- 2:55-56 - Israelites asking to see Allah openly
- 2:58-61 - Complaints about food in the wilderness
- 7:161-162 - Changing words of covenant and transgression
- 7:163-166 - People of the Sabbath and their punishment
- 7:138 - Israelites crossing the sea, finding idol-worshippers
Qarun (Korah)
- 28:76-82 - Qarun's wealth, arrogance, and punishment
- 29:39 - Brief mention alongside Pharaoh
Samiri
- 20:85-97 - Samiri's role in making the golden calf
Aaron (Harun)
- 20:90-94 - Aaron's explanation to Moses about the calf incident
- 7:142 - Moses appointing Aaron as his deputy
- 7:150-151 - Moses' anger at Aaron for the calf worship
- 20:29-36 - Moses requesting Aaron as his helper
Moses' Family
- 28:7-13 - Moses' mother and sister
- 28:23-28 - Moses' marriage to the daughter of the old man (likely Shuaib/Jethro)
The Children of Israel After Moses
- 5:12-14 - Breaking of covenant after Moses
- 2:87-88 - Rejection of messengers after Moses
- 2:246 - The leaders after Moses