"...there are no Jews to be met with who adhere to the Old Bible without Talmud-Traditions ...the word Talmud (which makes so great a Noise in the World) it may suffice to observe, that by a sort of Metonymy, it signifies the Book containing the main Doctrines of the Jews...For it is very observable, that the Talmud is oftener brought in Vindication of their religion, than Moses, the Prophets, and Holy Writings: insomuch that they make it, and not the Old Bible, the touchstone of their doctrine, and that into which they resolve the decision of all their cases…the Talmud of Babylon...this later hath obtain’d public honor and belief among them: and at this day is universally received as the authentic body of their Law. 

"The first among Christians who took more solemn cognizance of the Talmud, was Justinian the Emperor, who about the 551 year of Christ, gave Toleration to the Jews to read the Sacred Bible in their synagogues in the Greek Tongue; but utterly prohibited them the reading of the Mishnah, as being neither adjoyned to the Sacred Books, nor delivered from above to the Prophets; but a mere invention of earthly men, who had nothing of Heaven in them. ...the Mishnah Torah was composed out of the kabbalistics and anagogics of the Jews...allegorical interpretations, pretended to be derived from Moses. When the Jews were setled in Italy and France, the bishops of Rome began to take severe cognizance of the Talmud. For Pope Innocent IV. commanded all the copies thereof that could be found in France to be burned, because it contained manifest blasphemies against God, Christ, and the Virgin Mary, inextricable abuses, erroneous and unheard-of fooleries.'

— Lancelot Addison (1632-1703), The present State of the Jews (more particularly relating to those in Barbary) wherein is contained an exact account of their customs, secular and religious : to which is annexed a summary discourse of the Misna, Talmud, and Gemara (London: Printed by J.C. for William Crooke and to be sold by John Courtney, 1675), pp. 239-240; 244; 248-249.

Judaic “Sex Guru” follows Talmudic not Biblical law

____________________

“For the true Deity of the Jews is not Yahweh, but the Jewish people itself.” 
— Miguel de Unamuno
____________________

"Israeli society has been unable and unwilling to overcome an exclusivist ethno-religious nationalism that privileges Jewish citizens..." Mairav Zonszein, New York Times, Sept. 26, 2014

Slaughter Palestinians and it’s minimized. 

Attack Israelis and it's magnified. 

This is the Talmudic mentality:

Jesus is sometimes shown in modern illustrations  with his head covered like a Pharisee. Where is the Biblical warrant for men to cover their heads? There is none. But it is found in the Babylonian Talmud, Kiddushin 31a: "Rabbi Huna the son of Rabbi Yehoshua 'would not walk four cubits with an uncovered head.”

by Michael Hoffman

Copyright ©2008-2014. All Rights Reserved

Independent History and Research

Box 849 • Coeur d'Alene • Idaho 83816 USA

"Jews don't read the Bible literally. We read it through the lens of generations of interpretations and acknowledge the evolution of human understanding of God. The Talmudic image of God is vastly different from the image of God presented in the Bible.” 

-- Rabbi Laura Geller, Senior Rabbi, Temple Emanuel of Beverly Hills, California

Huffington Post | April 2, 2011

"Kabbalah is the soul of the Torah. The Bible and the Talmud are the laws and the history. Kabbalah is the soul that vivifies history and gives life meaning." 

--Rabbi Aaron Raskin, Congregation B'nai Avraham, Brooklyn Heights, N.Y
Ventura County Star | May 9, 2011

Updated 02/07/11: here [Falsification of Talmud tractate Sanhedrin 37a]
Updated 02/27/11: here [Democracy in Judaism]  

Updated 04/05/11: here  [Judaism's 'Passover': Biblical or Talmudic?] 

Updated 9/15/11: here [“Rabbi obstructs fraud probe; citing Talmud"]

Updated 12/30/11: here: ["Judaism treats women like filthy little things"]
Updated 1/05/12: here: [“Is a Jew Obligated to Rescue a Non-Jew?”]

Updated 3/18/12:  here: [The Other Side of the Talmud Debate]

Updated 4/14/12:  here: [N.Y. Times Says Shiite Religion is Based on Lying]
Updated 7/20/14: here: [Exposé of  Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson]
Updated 12/14/14: here: [The Hanukkah Hoax]

All quotes cited herein are accurate and have been authenticated by Michael Hoffman in the course of more than ten years of research. They are not “taken out of context.” For the complete context, consult Hoffman’s 1100 page textbook, Judaism Discovered.

We challenge any ordained Orthodox rabbi to refute our documentation in a public, videotaped forum. 

LEGAL NOTICE

It is necessary to obtain permission in writing from Michael Hoffman before reproducing any of this research.

Orthodox Judaism is essentially a pagan religion of self-worship in which the idolatry is nearly constant. Orthodox Judaism is the source of much of what is wrong with Churchianity, as opposed to the Gospel of Jesus Christ as practiced by the true Church for more than a thousand years before the modern era. Orthodox Judaism is the enemy of the Bible. Until you understand these truths you will dwell in abject confusion. Orthodox Judaism despises and distorts, nullifies and degrades, the Word of God. All claims that the rabbinic traditions and sacred texts in any way enhance or explain the Bible, are delusions. 

The elders of Israel turned aside from the true God and fell to idolatry in Jerusalem (Ezekiel 8:11-18), and then entering into Babylon, they brought their idols with them in their hearts. They would not let go of their idols. They saw many of their brethren in captivity for that sin, they heard Ezekiel prophesy against their practices and those who upheld them in it. They knew that Nebuchadnezzar had no good will toward them, yet idol worship was firmly entrenched in their hearts. When idols get into Bethel, God's house, it is extremely difficult to remove them; but when they get into the hearts of men, they become immovable. To this day, the rabbis hold fast to their barbarous occult superstitions and idolatrous practices, notwithstanding all the judgments of God which have come upon them. The Talmudists are very tenacious of their chief idol, themselves. Millions of "Christians" esteem Judaism and consequently have become co-idolaters with them. They mock God, thereby. But God is not mocked! 

The Talmud is Judaism's holiest book (actually a collection of books). Its authority takes precedence over the Old Testament in Judaism. Evidence of this may be found in the Babylonian Talmud (“BT”) itself, Erubin 21b (Soncino edition): "My son, be more careful in the observance of the words of the Scribes than in the words of the Torah (Old Testament).”

The late Rabbi Joseph D. Soloveitchik (above) was regarded as one of the most influential rabbis of the 20th century, the "unchallenged leader" of Orthodox Judaism and the top international authority on halakha (rabbinic law). Soloveitchik was responsible for instructing and ordaining more than 2,000 rabbis, "an entire generation" of Judaic leadership. N.Y. Times reporter Ari Goldman described the basis of the rabbi's authority:


“Rabbi Soloveitchik came from a long line of distinguished Talmudic scholars...Until his early 20s, he devoted himself almost exclusively to the study of the Talmud...He came to Yeshiva University's Elchanan Theological Seminary where he remained the pre-eminent teacher in the Talmud...He held the title of Leib Merkin professor of Talmud...sitting with his feet crossed in front of a table bearing an open volume of the Talmud.” —New York Times, April 10, 1993, p. 38.

The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as the Clavicula Salomonis Regis^{[note 1]} or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older.^[1][2] It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.^[1][3]

Contents

  [hide] 

• 1 Ars Goetia
  • 1.1 The Seventy-Two Demons
• 2 Ars Theurgia Goetia
• 3 Ars Paulina
• 4 Ars Almadel
• 5 Ars Notoria
• 6 Editions and translations
• 7 Notes
• 8 References
• 9 External links

Ars Goetia[edit]

The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around.^[1][4] The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used fromHeinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano,^{[note 2][1][5]} and the Magical Calendar.^[6]

Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled "The Office of Spirits",^[7] appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).^[2][5]

In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch,^[3] who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned.^[8] The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn.^[5] Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius,^[5] who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.

This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.^[9]

The Seventy-Two Demons[edit]

Further information: List of demons in the Ars Goetia

Buer, the tenth spirit, who teaches "Moral and Natural Philosophy" (from a 1995 Mathers edition. Illustration by Louis Bretonfrom Dictionnaire Infernal).

The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from thePseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.

1. King Bael
2. Duke Agares
3. Prince Vassago
4. Marquis Samigina
5. President Marbas
6. Duke Valefor
7. Marquis Amon
8. Duke Barbatos
9. King Paimon
10. President Buer
11. Duke Gusion
12. Prince Sitri
13. King Beleth
14. Marquis Leraje
15. Duke Eligos
16. Duke Zepar
17. Count/President Botis
18. Duke Bathin
19. Duke Sallos
20. King Purson
21. Count/President Marax
22. Count/Prince Ipos
23. Duke Aim
24. Marquis Naberius
25. Count/President Glasya-Labolas
26. Duke Buné
27. Marquis/Count Ronové
28. Duke Berith
29. Duke Astaroth
30. Marquis Forneus
31. President Foras
32. King Asmoday
33. Prince/President Gäap
34. Count Furfur
35. Marquis Marchosias
36. Prince Stolas
37. Marquis Phenex
38. Count Halphas
39. President Malphas
40. Count Räum
41. Duke Focalor
42. Duke Vepar
43. Marquis Sabnock
44. Marquis Shax
45. King/Count Viné
46. Count Bifrons
47. Duke Vual
48. President Haagenti
49. Duke Crocell
50. Knight Furcas
51. King Balam
52. Duke Alloces
53. President Caim
54. Duke/Count Murmur
55. Prince Orobas
56. Duke Gremory
57. President Ose
58. President Amy
59. Marquis Orias
60. Duke Vapula
61. King/President Zagan
62. President Valac
63. Marquis Andras
64. Duke Haures
65. Marquis Andrealphus
66. Marquis Cimeies
67. Duke Amdusias
68. King Belial
69. Marquis Decarabia
70. Prince Seere
71. Duke Dantalion
72. Count Andromalius

Ars Theurgia Goetia[edit]

The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript.^[5][10] Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points, sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.^[11]

Ars Paulina[edit]

Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century.^[12][13] Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.^[13]

Ars Almadel[edit]

Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels viascrying.^[14][15]

Ars Notoria[edit]

The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely;^[16][17] A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton.^[4] It is also known as the Ars Nova.

Cleromancy is a form of divination using sortition, casting of lots, or casting bones or stones, in which an outcome is determined by means that normally would be consideredrandom, such as the rolling of dice, but are sometimes believed to reveal the will of God, or other supernatural entities.

In classical civilization[edit]

In ancient Rome fortunes were told through the casting of lots or sortes.

In Judeo-Christian tradition[edit]

Casting of lots occurs relatively frequently in the Bible, and many biblical scholars think that the Urim and Thummim served this purpose. In the Hebrew Bible, there are several cases where lots were cast as a means of determining God's mind:

1. In the Book of Leviticus 16:8, God commands Moses, "And Aaron shall cast lots upon the two goats; one lot for the LORD, and the other lot for the scapegoat."
2. In Joshua 7, a guilty party (Achan) is probably found by lot and executed.
3. In the Book of Joshua 18:6, Joshua says, "Ye shall therefore describe the land into seven parts, and bring the description hither to me, that I may cast lots for you here before the LORD our God." This action is done in order to know God's will as to the dividing of land between the seven tribes of Israel who had not yet "received their inheritance." (Joshua 18:2).
4. Also in the First Book of Samuel 14:42, lots are used to determine that it was Jonathan, Saul's son, who broke the oath that Saul made, "Cursed be the man that eateth any food until evening, that I may be avenged on mine enemies." (1 Samuel 14:24).
5. In the Book of Jonah 1:7, the desperate sailors cast lots to see whose god is responsible for creating the storm: "Then the sailors said to each other, “Come, let us cast lots to find out who is responsible for this calamity.” They cast lots and the lot fell on Jonah."

Other places in the Hebrew Bible relevant to divination:

• Book of Proverbs 16:33: The lot is cast into the lap, but its every decision is from Yahweh and 18:18: The lot settles disputes, and keeps strong ones apart..
• Book of Leviticus 19:26 KJV "... neither shall you practice enchantment, nor observe times."^[1] The original Hebrew word for enchantment, as found in Strong's Concordance, is pronounced naw-khash' in English. The translation given by Strong's is "to practice divination, divine, observe signs, learn by experience, diligently observe, practice fortunetelling, take as an omen"; and "1.to practice divination 2.to observe the signs or omens". Times in the original Hebrew is pronounced aw-nan' in English. Its translation in Strong's is "to make appear, produce, bring (clouds), to practise soothsaying, conjure;" and "1. to observe times, practice soothsaying or spiritism or magic or augury or witchcraft 2. soothsayer, enchanter, sorceress, diviner, fortuneteller, barbarian...". In the Hebrew-Interlinear Bible, the verse reads, "not you shall augur and not you shall consult cloud".
• Deuteronomy 18:10 ..let no one be found among you who [qasam qesem], performs [onan], [nahash], or [kashaph].^[2] qasam qesem literally means distributes distributions, and may possibly refer to cleromancy. kashaph seems to mean mutter, although the Septuagint renders the same phrase as pharmakia (poison), so it may refer to magic potions
• In the Book of Esther, Haman casts lots to decide the date on which to exterminate the Jews of Shushan; the Jewish festival of Purim is a remembrance of the subsequent chain of events.
• In I Chronicles 26:13 guard duties are assigned by lot.
• To Christian doctrine perhaps the most significant mention of lots is in the Book of Psalms, 22:18 "They divide my garments among them, and for my clothing they cast lots." This came to be regarded as a prophecy connecting that psalm and the one that follows to the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus, since all four gospels (for example, John19:24) tell of the Roman soldiers at Jesus's crucifixion casting lots to see who would take possession of his clothing. (That final act of profanation became the central theme of "The Robe", a 1953 film starring Richard Burton.)

One other notable example in the New Testament occurs in the Acts of the Apostles 1:23-26 where the eleven remaining apostles cast lots to determine whether Matthias orBarsabbas (surnamed Justus) would be chosen to replace Judas.

In the Eastern Orthodox Church this method of selection is still occasionally used. In 1917 Metropolitan Tikhon was elected Patriarch of Moscow by the drawing of lots. In the Coptic Orthodox Church, drawing lots is still used to choose the Coptic Pope, most recently done in November 2012 to choose Pope Tawadros II. German Pietist Christians in the 18th Century often followed the New Testament precedent of drawing Lots to determine the will of God. This was often done by selecting a random Bible passage. The most extensive use of drawing of Lots in the Pietist tradition may have been Count von Zinzendorf and the Moravian Brethren of Herrnhut who drew lots for many purposes, including selection of church sites, approval of missionaries, the election of bishops and many others. This practice was greatly curtailed after the General Synod of the worldwide Moravian Unity in 1818 and finally discontinued in the 1880s.