Recite (Iqra) in the name of your Master (Rabbi) who created (khlaq) you.
Created (khlaq) man from the Alaq (clinging substance / adherent substance whose affinity never stops). [Compare opposite word Tallaq]
Recite (Iqra) in the name of your Master (Rabbi) who is most Generous (Akram).
Who taught (allama) him by the Pen (Qalam) [compare with Kalam, Study, Reason, Logos]
Taught (allama) man who he knew (yalam) not.
But No! Man (insana) surely indeed crosses (laya tghā or ṭāgha) (this clearly delineated) boundary.
Because he sees himself as self-sufficient (ista [self] gh-nā or ghaniyy [self rich]).
Indeed, to your Lord (rabbi) is the return (al-rujʿā. Deriv. rājiʿ- one who returns).
Have you seen the one who forbids (yanha)
a servant from praying (salla)?
Have you seen if he is on guidance [al huda]?
Or enjoins righteousness [bil TaQwa]?
What if that ˹man˺ persists in denial and turns away? [watawalla]? (wallā = authority, protector, guardian, truning away from authority, denial of authority)
Does he not know that God Sees (Yara)?
No! If he doesn’t stop (or desist, yantahī. ن-ه-ي (n-h-y), -- ending, stopping. Deriv: muntahī) - (noun) something that has come to an end or is at its conclusion. muntahā - the limit or endpoint
We will surely drag him out (Lana-asfaʿa from root s-f-ʿ driving, pushing, or casting away. Deriv: (safaʿa) - to drive away or to cast out. istasfaʿa: seek to drive away) by the forelock (bi-n-nāṣiyah),
a lying (kadhibatin, k-dh-b) , sinning [khāṭi'ah, from khāṭiʾ, mistake, error] forelock (nasiyatin).
Then let him call his associates [nādiyah, company, club];
We will call the angels of Keepers [z-b-n, zabāniyah: keeping, or holding in place. mystical 19 in number, 19 who always keep its promise to return]
No! Do not obey [tuṭiʿhu, from ṭāʿah) - obedience or submission, āṭāʿa: obey or to comply) him. But prostrate (wa usjud from s-j-d, bow down, prostate) yourselves and draw near [wa iqtarib, from root q-r-b [to God] (deriv: qarīb- near or close, qarābah- kinship or relationship, (qurbān) sacrifice, denoting a drawing closer to the divine through sacrifice.